光动力疗法中不同激光条件癌肿杀伤效果的比较

本文报告应用两种不同波长激光为PDT(光动疗法)的激光源,对小鼠移植肿瘤进行杀伤实验。结果表明:在相同光剂量下,HPD—氩离子泵浦的染料激光(波长6300A)对肿瘤杀伤的效果强于HPD—氩离子激光(波长5145A)(P<0.01);同一波长激光在光剂量相同时,采用不同的瞬间功率,对肿瘤杀伤的效果相同(P>0.20)。     

手术治疗甲状腺肿瘤62例体会

目的探讨手术切除治疗甲状腺肿瘤的疗效。方法回顾分析我院2005至2007年收治的62例甲状腺肿瘤的患者资料，根据病情分别采用单侧甲状腺叶切除或者腺瘤单切加腺叶部分切除法，对其治疗效果、风险及并发症进行分析。结果62例患者术后除1例皮下出血，1例复发外，无喉返神经、喉上神经损伤，无永久性甲状旁腺甲状腺功能低下。结论单侧甲状腺叶切除或者腺瘤单切加腺叶部分切除法治疗甲状腺肿瘤并发症少，临床效果满意。     

Blocking of lectin-like adhesion molecules on pulmonary cells inhibits lung sarcoma L-1 colonization in BALB/c-mice

Summary Adhesion and inhibition experiments with pulmonary cells of BALB/c-mouse origin and syngeneic sarcoma L-1 cells indicated that L-fucose specific lectin-like adhesion molecules, presumably situated on pulmonary cell surfaces are (at least partly) responsible for the specificity of this cell-cell interaction. Addition of specific sugars and glycoconjugates (L-fucose and fucoidan, respectively) to the incubation medium evidently inhibited the adhesion process as quantified using radiolabelled tumor cells. Unspecific carbohydrates (e.g. D-galactose) did not affect the cellular interaction. In vivo, repeated administration of fucoidan (but not of unspecific glycoconjugates) significantly inhibited the settling of metastatic sarcoma L-1 cells in the lungs of BALB/c-mice. Therefore, when lectin-like adhesion molecules on pulmonary cells were blocked with competitive glycoconjugates, tumor cell colonization of the lung could be significantly inhibited.     

Pyruvate kinase inhibited by L-cysteine as a marker of tumorigenic human urothelial cell lines

Summary It was found that a decrease in electrophoretic mobility of pyruvate kinase (PK) isoenzyme, and an increase of the sensitivity of this enzyme to L-cysteine, were markers of immortalization and tumorigenic properties, respectively, in human urothelial cell lines characterized by different grades of transformation (TGr) in vitro.     

A comparison of the effects of the optical isomers of isoproterenol on energy metabolism in a mouse sarcoma

Summary Disturbance to energy production in the S180 sarcoma (CB) by optical isomers of isoproterenol was assessed from altered adenine nucleotide levels at 1 h. The L-isomer almost halved the ATP level and lowered the energy charge significantly; the D-isomer was inactive. Dependence of tumor injury on cytochrome P-450 activity appears unlikely.One of us (GRNJ) thanks the Department of Surgery, Medical School, Kings's College Hospital, London, England, for the provision of experimental facilities; the Institute of Biochemistry, German Cancer Research Centre, Heidelberg, FRG, for permitting the measurement of metabolites; the Cancer Research Campaign, London, UK, for a part-time grant; and Zyma GmbH, München, FRG, and the estate of the late Dr Lucie Polak for additional financial support.     

纳米载药体系在肿瘤耐药治疗中的应用研究进展

肿瘤是目前引起人类死亡的棘手疾病之一,虽然通过各种现代化治疗手段使肿瘤患者的预后得到了一定程度的改善,但多药耐药依然是导致肿瘤治疗效果不佳的主要难题。纳米材料是近年来的研究热点之一,具有EPR（enhanced permeability and retention）效应、可控修饰、靶向性等众多优点,在突破肿瘤耐药方面得到了愈来愈多的关注。纳米载药体系在肿瘤治疗中发挥着极其重要的作用,可以成为逆转肿瘤耐药的新方式。从肿瘤多药耐药机制、纳米技术在肿瘤耐药中的应用等方面进行综述。指出今后可在以下方面展开深入研究：1）结合肿瘤耐药机制研究,合理控制药物浓度,克服耐药;2）深入探索纳米载药体系的生物安全问题,优化纳米载药系统,使其避免或降低可能出现的毒副反应,为逆转肿瘤耐药提供更全面的理论依据;3）结合免疫学、光动力学、声动力学等多种方法,提高纳米载药体系逆转肿瘤耐药的效率。     

铜基纳米材料在增强化学动力学治疗上的应用研究

和传统治疗相比,化学动力学治疗(CDT)被认为是一种低副作用且无创的治疗方法,在众多的治疗方法中脱颖而出.CDT通过金属离子介导的芬顿反应或类芬顿反应,将肿瘤中过表达的过氧化氢(H2O2)分解为剧毒的羟基自由基(·OH),从而杀死肿瘤细胞.近年来,铜基纳米材料在CDT中蓬勃发展,极大地提高了CDT的效率.因此,基于铜基纳米材料,归纳了通过调节肿瘤微环境来增强CDT以及其他疗法的协同治疗,为开发新型的类芬顿试剂提供了思路借鉴.     

基于小波多尺度分解的肿瘤图像融合

提出了一种基于多尺度小波分解的图像融合方法,该方法利用小波变换对每一图像进行多尺度分解,对各分解层上不同频带的子图像采用不同的融合处理·在高频域内采用模板匹配方法计算出图像区域的统计平均值和方差,从而确定源图像在图像融合中提供信息的比例·在低频域内采用平均算子进行融合,以保留图像的背景信息·最后利用小波逆变换得到融合图像·并用这种方法成功地对肿瘤CT图像进行了融合处理,实验结果表明该融合技术是一种有效的方法,获得的融合图像更适合人们的视觉特性·     

肿瘤热疗用锰锌铁氧体纳米粒的制备及表征

以硫酸盐为原料, NaOH为沉淀剂制备了一系列MnxZn1-xFe2O4纳米粒(x=0.1,0.3,…,0.9,1.0),对其进行了X-射线衍射分析,证实其为尖晶石型锰锌铁氧体;透射电镜观察其形貌为近似球状;图像分析仪测算其平均粒径为30 nm;并进行了居里温度测定和给定交变磁场下的体外升温、恒温实验,结果显示所制备材料的居里温度随锌含量的增加而降低;在相同介质、相同质量浓度条件下,其相应磁流体体外升温实验所能达到的恒定温度亦随锌含量的增加而降低, 如在磁流体质量浓度为20 g/L时,其恒定时的温度在68～40 ℃之间.实验结果为进一步筛选出适合肿瘤热疗的材料配比及相应的质量浓度提供了理论及实验依据.